PROSTATE CANCER

Prostate could be a organ organ gift solely in males. It surrounds the neck of bladder & the primary a part of canal and condributes a secretion to the bodily fluid. The secretor is cone-shaped} in shape and measures three cm in vertical diameter and four cm in crossdiameter.It has got 5 lobes anterior,posterior,two lateral and a median lobe.Since the primary a part of the canal submit to it any lesionwithin the prostate can turn out problem en passant piddle.

Diseases of the prostate gland:- 

1) Prostatitis:-

This is the inflamation of the endocrine gland owing to microorganism infection. 

2) Benign enlargement of the prostate:-

This is a non cancerous growth of the prostate seen once the age of fifty. 3,Cancer of the prostate:-This is that the fourth commonestreason behind death from malignant diseases in males. 

Cancer of the prostate.

Cancer of the prostate is directly coupled with the male sex hormones(androgens).If the degree of hormone will increase the expansionrate of cancer additionally will increase.It is found that once the removel of testes there's marked reduction within the size of growth.

Site of tumour:-

Prostate cancer is seen in the main within the posterior lobe.Non cancerous enlargement is seen in alternative lobes. 

Changes within the secretor in cancer:-

The secretor becomes laborious with irregular surface with loss of traditional lobulation .Histologically glandular cancer is associate adeno carcinoma(cancer of the animal tissue cells within the gland) 

Growth :-

Growth rate is extremely quick in glandular cancer .The growth compresses the canal and turn out problem in evacuation. 

Spread of tumour:-

Metastasis in cancer of prostate is extremely early. 

1) native spread:-

From the posterior lobe the cancer cells head to the lateral lobes and seminal vesicles.Tumour cells additionally move to the neck and base of the bladder. 

2) humour spread:-

Through the liquid body substance vessels cancer cells reach the interior and external illiac cluster of liquid body substance nodes.From there cells move to retroperitonial(Behind the peritonium) and mediastinal liquid body substance nodes(in the chest) 

3) unfold through the blood:-

Spread of cancer cells takeplace through the periprostatic blood vessel rete and reaches the bone veins whereas coughing and inborn reflex and at last enders the bone bodies of the body part vertebrae. 

Signs and symptoms of prostate cancer:-- 

Signs and symptoms rely on the stage of the cancer. the subsequent symptoms is also seen. 

1) No symptoms:-

Tumour is little and solely within the posterior lobe. this is often diagnosed accidentely. 

2) Slight problem in urination:-

Here the growth is enlarged and canal is slightly compressed.Shortly there'll be frequent urge for evacuation with troublesome evacuation.

3) once the growth unfold to all or any near areas as well as neck of bladder and canal there'll be painful evacuation with harm.Urine comes come by drop.

4) Retention of urine:-

When the canal is totally compressed there'll be retention of piddle.This can cause pathology, failure electroshock therapy.In this condition patient might get convulsions owing to failure and at last coma. 

5) Signs of metastasis:-

Some patients go together with the signs and symptoms of metastasis.

a) Lumbo sacral pain owing to unfold of cancer cells to body part and sacral vertebrae.

b) Fracture of spine owing to cancerous growth within the spine.

c) Swelling, pain and fluid assortment within the abdomen owing to lesion within the abdomen.

d) metabolism complaints owing to cancer of mediastinal lymphnodes and lungs.

e) General weakness owing to unfold of cancer to completely different components of the body.

f) Anaemia owing to involment of bone marrow and enlarged destruction of RBCs.

Clinical examination :-

Includes per body part examination to feel the endocrine gland,palpation of abdomen to feel the swelling in kidneys and any tumours.Patient is examined from head to foot to seek out out any lesions.

Investigations:- 

1) Complete blood investigations;-

RBC,WBC,Platlets,ESR,bleeding time ,clotting time electroshock therapy.

2) piddle analysis:-

Microscopic examination to find pus cells,occult blood,casts,Crystals electroshock therapy.

3) nephritic operate tests:-

Blood carbamide level,serum creatinine level,electrolyte level electroshock therapy.

4) humor acid phosphatase:-

Increased in cancer of prostate.

5) x-ray of the spine:-

To find any growth or fracture.

6) immoderate sonography;-

Gives plan concerning prostate,bladder,kidney ect.

7) C T scan:-

More elaborated info concerning organs and growth.

8) imaging of the spine:-

Gives elaborated info concerning spine ,disc and near soft tissues.

9) Lymphangiography:-

Gives plan concerning humour unfold of cancer.

10) diagnostic test to verify cancer:-

Biopsy is taken from the growth and is tell histopathological examination below the magnifier.This will find the presence of cancer cells.

Treatment:-

1) If there's retention of piddle catheterisation is required.
2) qualitative analysis if failure.
3) If there's coma watching of all very important functions at the side of parentral nutrition and electolyte offer.
4) Specific treatment is prostatectomy(removal of prostate)

Partial cutting out :-

Here solely the affected lobe is removed.

Radical cutting out :-

Total removal of prostate at the side of near lymphnodes.

5, internal secretion medical aid :-

Stilbestrol is given to cut back growth growth.Since this treatement will increase the possibility for disorder phosphorylated diethylenonsteroidal is employed today.

6) Chemotherapy:-Drugs like cyclophosphamide, cisoplatim electroshock therapy area unit given.

7) therapy is additionally in deep trouble some cases.

8) Homoeopathy:-

Homoeopathic medication like carcinocin, conium, sabal, crotalus, thuja, iodum, selinium, staphysagria, sulphur electroshock therapy isgiven in keeping with symptoms.Constitutional homoeopathic medication can offer nice relief and may increase the era.