TONGUE IN malady DIAGNOSIS:

TONGUE IN malady DIAGNOSIS: 

Introduction:

Tongue could be a muscular organ related to the perform of ingestion,taste and speech.It acts as associate degree simply accessible organ for the assessment of health of a private and shows the state of association of the body.It is same that tongue is that the mirror of thedigestive system and any abnormal functioning of the abdomen and intestines are mirrored on the tongue. 

Some characteristic changes occur within the tongue in some specific diseases.That is why the examination of the tongue is incrediblyessential and can offer some clues for designation.All doctors examine the tongue and that they think about the changes in size,shape,,colour,moisture,coating,nature of papillae and movements electroconvulsive therapy. 

Appearance of tongue in some abnormal conditions:- 

1) Movements of the tongue:-

a) In one facetd palsy of the body(hemiplegia)tongue moves towards the parylised side once protruded. 

b) Tremulus movement of the tongue is seen in diseases like gland disease,delirium tremens and parkinsonisum.Tremor is additionally seen in nervous patients. 

c) In progressive neural structure palsy there'll be wasting and palsy of the tongue with fibrillation.Eventually the tongue gets shrivelled and lies functionless within the floor of the mouth.This condition is related to dribble of secretion and loss of speech. 

d) In chorea(involuntary lilting movements) the patient might not be able to keep the protruded tongue in rest,it will be moving involuntarily. 

2) dampness of the tongue:-

The dampness of the tongue provides some indication regarding the state of association of the body.Water volume depletion ends up inperipheral cardiovascular disease defined by weakness,thirst,restlessness,anorexia,nausea,vomiting ,dry and parched tongue.

Dryness of the tongue is seen in following conditions.

a) looseness of the bowels
b) Later stages of severe malady
c) Advanced pathology
d) Hypovolumic shock
e) heat hyperpyrexia
f) Hyponatraemia
g) Acute ileus
h) Starvation
i) Prlonged fast.

3) modification in color of tongue:-

a) Central cyanosis:-

Cyanosis is that the chromatic discolouration of the mucous secretion membrane as a result of decrease within the quantity of gaswithin the blood.This is seen in coronary failure,respiratory failure and in hypoxia.In symptom tongue,lips electroconvulsive therapybecomes pale chromatic.

b) Jaundice:-

This is the yellow discolouration of all mucous secretion surfaces of the body (including tongue)due to extend of animal pigment within the blood.Jaundice is seen in infectious disease,bile duct obstruction,increased destruction of RBCs and electroconvulsive therapy...

c) Advanced uremia:-

This is the rise of organic compound and different gas waste product within the blood as a result of nephrosis.Here the tongue become brown in color. 

d) Keto acidosis:-

This is the pathology with accumulation of organic compound bodies seen chiefly in DM.Here the tongue become brown with a typicalorganic compound smell from the mouth. 

e) ovoflavin deficiency:-

Deficiency of this victuals (vitamin B2) produces megenta color of the tongue with soreness and fissures of lips. 

f) vitamin B complex deficiency:-

Deficiency of vitamin B complex (vitamin B3)and another B complex vitamins ends up in bright scarlet or robust red tongue. 

g) Anaemia:-

It is the decrease in hemoprotein proportion of the blood.In severe anaemia tongue becomes pale. 

4) Coating on the tongue:-

a) dangerous breath:-

The main cause for dangerous breath is formation of a pasty coating(bio film) on the tongue that lodges thousands of anaerobic bacteriumleading to the assembly of offenssive gases.Those who complain regarding dangerous breath could have thick coating on the posterior a part of the tongue. 

b) infectious disease fever:-

In infectious disease tongue becomes white coared sort of a fur. 

c) Candidiasis;-

It is a zymosis that affects the mucous secretion surfaces of the body.On the tongue there'll be biological process white lesions.

d) In polygenic disease and glandular disorder there'll be biological process white lesions. 

e) Secondary syphilis:-

Syphilis could be a sexually transmitted unhealthy caused by trepenoma basal ganglion infection.In secondary stage of this malady we willable to} see secretion patches that are painless,smooth white glystening iridescent plaques which may not be scraped off simply. 

f) Leokoplakia:-

Here white keratotic patches ar seen on the tongue and rima oris.This is a metastatic tumor condition.

g) AIDS:-

In these patients furry leukoplakia is seen. 

h) Peritonitis:-

It is the inflammation of the peritonium(inner covering of abdomen that conjointly covers the intestines and keep them in position) during this condition there's white furring of the tongue. 

i) Acute illness:-

Furring is additionally seen in some acute diseases. 

5) Papillae:-

These ar tiny projections on the rongue related to style.There ar totally different kind of papillae on the healthy tongue.In some diseases there ar some abnormal changes that ar following. 

a) furry tongue:-

This condition is as a result of elongation of thready papillae seen in poor oral hygeine ,general unfitness and dyspepsia. 

b) Geographic tongue:-

Here irregular red and white patches seem on the tongue.These lesions sounds like a geographic map.The excact cause isn't famous. 

c) Median rhomboid glossitis:-

In this condition there's swish nodular red space within the posterior middle line of the tongue.This is a nonheritable condition. 

d) biological process deficiency:-

In nutrional deficiency there's glossitis(inflammation of tongue) resulting in process hypertrophy followed by atrophy. 

e) Benign migratory glossitis:-

It is associate degree inflamatory condition of the tongue wherever multiple rounded spaces of peeling of papillae seem on the tongue thatshift from space to area in few days.

f) vitamin B and ovoflavin deficiency:-

Deficiency of those vitamins cause hypertrophied thready and fungiform papillae.

g) vitamin B complex and iron deficiency:-

In this condition there's atrophy of papillae.Smooth tongue is encountered in iron deficiency. 

h) axerophthol deficiency:-

This causes rutted tongue. 

i) In biological process malignant anemia tongue becomes swish. 

j) B deficiency:-

Here macrocytic malignant anemia with redness is seen. 

k) Cyano coblamine deficiency:-

Here redness with macrocytic malignant anemia and peripheral pathology is encountered. 

l) Scarlet fever;-

In this eubacterium infection there's bright red papillae standing out of a thick white fur ,later the white coat disappear departure enlarged papillae on the brilliant red surface and is named strawberry tongue. 

6) Ulcers on the tongue:-- 

a) Apthous ulcer:-

These ar spherical painful ulcers seem in stressed people oftentimes. is also related to allergic reaction.Usual sites ar tongue,lips,oralmucous membrane and electroconvulsive therapy. 

b) Herpes simplex:-

It is associate degree acute sac eruptions made by herpes simplex virus.When these vesicles rupture it forms ulcers. 

c) ulceration in cancer:-

Cancerous ulcers ar having everted edges with laborious base.Bleeding is additionally seen.Cancer of the tongue is common in tobacco chewers. 

d) Syphilitic ulcers:-

Syphilitic fissures ar longitudinal in direction.In syph additional venereal sore is seen on the tongue.In syph multiple shallow ulcers ar seen on the below surface and sides of the tongue.In syphilis granuloma is also seen on the plane of the dorsum of the tongue.